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Python库os使用笔记
阅读量:222 次
发布时间:2019-03-01

本文共 1047 字,大约阅读时间需要 3 分钟。

文件目录相关

基础函数

# 路径存在os.path.exists(path)# 路径是目录os.path.isdir(path)# 删除目录os.remove(path)# 列出 path 目录下的所有文件(含文件夹)os.listdir(path)# 切分文件名里面的基础名称和后缀部分os.path.splitext(filename)# 组合需要操作的文件名为绝对路径os.path.join(path,filename)# 重命名某个文件os.rename(fila_name)# 从绝对路径中获取最后的文件名print(os.path.basename)# 创建文件夹os.mkdir(dirpath)

目录不存在时创建它

if not os.path.exists(dirpath):    os.mkdir(dirpath)

遍历目录下的所有路径

可以同时遍历目录下的目录和文件

for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):    # root 表示当前正在访问的文件夹路径    # dirs 表示该文件夹下的子目录名list    # files 表示该文件夹下的文件list    # 遍历文件    for name in files:        file_path = os.path.join(root, name)     # 遍历所有的文件夹    for name in dirs:        folder_path = os.path.join(root, name)

只能遍历目录下的文件,可以获取文件名和文件路径

for file in os.scandir(path):     print(file.name, file.path)

只能获取文件名,不能获取路径

for file in os.listdir(path):    print(file)

目录获取

import os# 获取工作目录os.getcwd()# 获取脚本所在的目录os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0]# 也可以使用sys模块来获取sys.path[0]

系统相关

执行系统命令

import osos.system('cd /usr/local')os.mkdir('aaa.txt)os.system('cd /usr/local && mkdir aaa.txt')

参考文献

 
 

 

 

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